Kebijakan Pimpinan Pesantren dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Formal: Formulasi, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi di Pondok Pesantren Al Azhar Jember
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58230/znacg555Keywords:
Islamic Boarding School, Formal Education , Policy Cycle, Educational Leadership, Stakholder ParticipationAbstract
Pesantren di Indonesia perlu mengembangkan pendidikan formal yang memenuhi standar nasional tanpa melemahkan identitas keagamaan dan misi pembentukan karakter. Penelitian terdahulu umumnya menelaah kebijakan pimpinan melalui aspek yang terpisah, seperti kurikulum, budaya belajar, atau mutu manajerial, dan belum menjelaskan keterkaitan antara formulasi, implementasi, dan evaluasi kebijakan, serta peran berbagai aktor dalam menerjemahkan arahan pimpinan menjadi praktik kelembagaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis formulasi, implementasi, dan evaluasi kebijakan pimpinan dalam pengembangan pendidikan formal di Pondok Pesantren Al Azhar Jember. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipasi pasif, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan siklus kebijakan yang terpadu, yaitu formulasi hierarkis-partisipatif, implementasi bertingkat-adaptif, dan evaluasi multidimensi. Pimpinan menetapkan arah moral, sedangkan yayasan dan sekolah menerjemahkannya menjadi prioritas, program, alokasi sumber daya, praktik pembelajaran, dan mekanisme umpan balik. Evaluasi memadukan capaian akademik, pembentukan karakter, mutu layanan, dan penerimaan sosial, meskipun standardisasi pelaporan dan umpan balik langsung pemangku kepentingan masih terbatas. Penelitian ini mengusulkan perspektif siklus kebijakan pesantren dan berimplikasi bahwa kepemimpinan moral perlu ditopang koordinasi terdokumentasi, sistem data terpadu, dan umpan balik pemangku kepentingan yang dilembagakan. Karena hanya mencakup satu pesantren dan belum menjelaskan perubahan kebijakan jangka panjang, penelitian lanjutan yang bersifat komparatif dan longitudinal diperlukan.
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