Memetakan Mekanisme Collaborative Governance dalam Transformasi Pendidikan Digital: Systematic Literature Review dengan Fokus Pendidikan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58230/k15feq16Keywords:
Collaborative Governance, Transformasi Pendidikan Digital, Digital Governance, SLRAbstract
Transformasi pendidikan digital tidak lagi terbatas pada adopsi teknologi, tetapi berkembang menjadi persoalan tata kelola yang melibatkan berbagai aktor, kapasitas kelembagaan, sumber daya, regulasi, dan mekanisme kolaborasi. Namun, literatur yang tersedia masih terfragmentasi dalam membahas digital governance, kesiapan institusi, AI governance, jaringan aktor, dan collaborative governance, sehingga mekanisme kolaborasi dalam transformasi pendidikan digital belum banyak disintesis secara integratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dan mensintesis mekanisme collaborative governance dalam transformasi pendidikan digital. Penelitian menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis PRISMA hanya bersumber dari basis data Scopus. Pencarian menghasilkan 110 rekaman dan setelah proses seleksi diperoleh 21 studi untuk dianalisis, terdiri atas 14 studi yang secara langsung membahas konteks pendidikan dan 7 studi tata kelola digital yang berdekatan sebagai bukti kontekstual. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dan tematik berdasarkan aktor, mekanisme kolaborasi, faktor pendukung, faktor penghambat, pola penelitian, kesenjangan, dan arah perkembangan kajian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa collaborative governance melibatkan pemerintah, institusi pendidikan, sektor swasta, organisasi masyarakat, akademisi, komunitas, orang tua, dan penyedia teknologi. Mekanisme utama mencakup stakeholder engagement, trust, relationship commitment, principled engagement, shared understanding, dan koordinasi. Faktor pendukung meliputi kompetensi digital, kesiapan institusi, regulasi, infrastruktur, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas, sedangkan hambatan meliputi keterbatasan infrastruktur, literasi digital, keamanan, privasi, dan ketimpangan sumber daya. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa collaborative governance penting untuk mengelola transformasi pendidikan digital secara terkoordinasi dan lintas aktor.
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